[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":168},["ShallowReactive",2],{"content-page:en:topics\u002Fbanking-system":3},{"page":4,"alternates":163},{"id":5,"title":6,"asideNav":7,"backLink":30,"body":33,"description":145,"extension":146,"hero":147,"hidePageHeader":151,"locale":152,"meta":153,"navigation":154,"pageKind":155,"path":156,"seo":157,"seoDescription":158,"seoTitle":6,"slug":159,"stem":160,"translationKey":161,"__hash__":162},"pages\u002Fpages\u002Fen\u002Ftopics\u002Fbanking-system.md","Banking",[8,11,14,18,21,24,27],{"href":9,"label":10},"#bankwesen","Banking system",{"href":12,"label":13},"#die-systeme-der-universal-und-trennbanken","Systems of universal and split banks",{"href":15,"label":16},"#bankwesen-das-universalbankensystem",{"Banking":17},"The universal banking system",{"href":19,"label":20},"#das-trennbankensystem","The split banking system",{"href":22,"label":23},"#vor-und-nachteile-des-trennbankensystems","Advantages and disadvantages of the split banking system",{"href":25,"label":26},"#das-bankwesen-in-deutschland","The banking system in Germany",{"href":28,"label":29},"#deutsches-bankwesen-als-vorbild","German banking system as a model",{"href":31,"label":32},"\u002Fen\u002Ftopics","back",{"type":34,"value":35,"toc":134},"minimark",[36,44,48,51,58,61,64,71,74,77,80,86,89,92,95,101,104,107,113,116,119,122,125,131],[37,38,40,6],"h2",{"id":39},"banking",[41,42],"span",{"id":43},"bankwesen",[45,46,47],"p",{},"Banking refers to the banking systems that include all public and private banks as well as credit institutions and are responsible either for the supply of money, the granting of loans and payment transactions. These banks include the various commercial banks, central banks, the Weltbank, the Bank für Internationalen Zahlungsausgleich as well as the Internationalen Währungsfonds.",[45,49,50],{},"All banks and credit institutions based in and operating in Germany are examined, controlled and supervised by the Bundesanstalt für Finanzdienstleistungsaufsicht.",[37,52,54,57],{"id":53},"the-systems-of-universal-and-split-banks",[41,55],{"id":56},"die-systeme-der-universal-und-trennbanken","The systems of universal and split banks",[45,59,60],{},"Depending on their respective areas of responsibility, banks can be divided into two different categories: commercial banks and investment banks. A commercial bank is a credit institution in which all services such as asset management, payment transactions and loan approval must be compensated with a fee.",[45,62,63],{},"Investment banks, on the other hand, focus on managing their customers' assets, trading securities and supporting companies in raising capital, for example by going public. When these areas are organised within one bank, it is called a universal bank. If, however, the areas of activity of commercial and investment banks are organised separately within a bank, this is referred to as a split banking system.",[37,65,67,70],{"id":66},"banking-the-universal-banking-system",[41,68],{"id":69},"bankwesen-das-universalbankensystem","Banking: The universal banking system",[45,72,73],{},"The universal banking system is characterised by the coexistence of universal and specialised banks. In Germany, universal banks predominate, whereas in the Anglo-American sphere the focus is on specialised banks. Specialised banks are credit institutions that only offer a selection of the services and products of banking to their customers, while universal banks concentrate on the full range of banking services.",[45,75,76],{},"In the course of a European influence on the German banking system, the three-pillar system (consisting of cooperatives, private banks and savings banks) prevailing in universal banks has also become increasingly transparent and subject to change. Due to specialisation and advancing industrialisation, the universal banking system is being dismantled piece by piece. Nowadays, the banking sector is being infiltrated by service providers that are only partly credit institutions and banks, but nevertheless offer a selection of their services.",[45,78,79],{},"They have succeeded in entering the banking sector because they can win many bank customers by offering services at low costs.",[37,81,83,20],{"id":82},"the-split-banking-system",[41,84],{"id":85},"das-trennbankensystem",[45,87,88],{},"The split banking system is oriented towards the specialisation of banks in individual services and products, and thus corresponds more to a specialised bank. This system was widespread in the Anglo-American area until 1999 and enjoyed great popularity among both corporate and private customers.",[45,90,91],{},"Unlike Anglo-American split banks, German universal banks hold a full banking license that allows them to offer services in every area of the banking system to their customers. Split banks, by contrast, specialise in a specific field of banking. This system is, however, also undergoing transformation and has had to undergo several changes in recent years, not least due to the financial crisis of 2008, which drove banks and credit institutions around the world to ruin.",[45,93,94],{},"Even before the global financial crisis, the split banking system gradually approached the German universal banking system, primarily through the abolition of the split-bank regulation in 1999. About ten years later, most split banks were taken over by universal banks due to the global financial crisis or changed their status from a split bank to a universal bank. Nevertheless, the split banking system still offers some advantages over the universal banking system, many of which were largely eroded by the global financial crisis.",[37,96,98,23],{"id":97},"advantages-and-disadvantages-of-the-split-banking-system",[41,99],{"id":100},"vor-und-nachteile-des-trennbankensystems",[45,102,103],{},"Advantages of split banks include, for example, increased security of customers' deposits and the prevention of loans being substituted by significantly inferior bonds and securities. In addition, the split banking system tends to have a larger pool of insider information that can be used to improve the bank's business and to provide better advice to customers.",[45,105,106],{},"On the other hand, there are arguments against the split banking system. Due to the conflict of interest between lending and the underwriting business—which can also have positive aspects and bring benefits—there is increased competition and intensified rivalry in the underwriting business.",[37,108,110,26],{"id":109},"the-banking-system-in-germany",[41,111],{"id":112},"das-bankwesen-in-deutschland",[45,114,115],{},"With its international major banks, the German banking system is among the largest and most influential in the world. The tasks of German banks do not differ significantly from those of banks in other countries. They are responsible for capital flows, the provision of guarantees, asset advice and management, lending and cashless payment transactions.",[45,117,118],{},"In recent years, numerous financial service businesses have emerged in Germany that are not traditional banks. They offer their customers only services similar to those of banks.",[45,120,121],{},"Despite many bank mergers in recent years, the density of banks in Germany is still relatively high compared to Europe or internationally. Because banking business is always associated with risks, especially regarding lending and trading in securities, banking supervision is necessary to monitor all processes without intervening in services or other operational processes. Through directives and regulations, banking supervision controls banks and monitors their compliance.",[45,123,124],{},"To increase the capital and asset security of bank customers in Germany, there is deposit protection. This means that if a bank runs into the red and eventually fails, special safeguarding funds protect customers' deposits so that the assets are not lost. Nevertheless, every bank customer should thoroughly examine a bank's deposit protection before concluding a contract, because despite this protection unpleasant surprises can sometimes occur that may result in the customer's assets being lost.",[37,126,128,29],{"id":127},"german-banking-system-as-a-model",[41,129],{"id":130},"deutsches-bankwesen-als-vorbild",[45,132,133],{},"Because the German banking system has proven itself extraordinarily well in recent decades, it now serves as a model for many other countries, for example for the reform of the banking system in Mexico under the government of Vicente Fox, who places particular emphasis on expanding the savings bank sector in order to enable lending and credit provision for bank customers. The transformation of the Mexican banking system is oriented towards the German banking system and is actively supported by Germany through the Sparkassenstiftung für internationale Kooperation based in Bonn.",{"title":135,"searchDepth":136,"depth":136,"links":137},"",2,[138,139,140,141,142,143,144],{"id":39,"depth":136,"text":6},{"id":53,"depth":136,"text":57},{"id":66,"depth":136,"text":70},{"id":82,"depth":136,"text":20},{"id":97,"depth":136,"text":23},{"id":109,"depth":136,"text":26},{"id":127,"depth":136,"text":29},"Banking refers to the banking systems that include all public and private banks as well as credit institutions and are responsible for the supply of money, the granting of loans and payment transactions.","md",{"ctaHref":148,"ctaLabel":149,"image":135,"lead":150,"title":6},"\u002Fanfrage","Apply for your desired loan now","Banking refers to the banking systems that include all public and private banks as well as credit institutions and are responsible either for the supply of money, the granting of loans and payment transactions.",false,"en",{},true,"legacy-topic","\u002Fpages\u002Fen\u002Ftopics\u002Fbanking-system",{"title":6,"description":145},"Banking on Maxda.de - the provider for credit without Schufa, known from TV!","topics\u002Fbanking-system","pages\u002Fen\u002Ftopics\u002Fbanking-system","legacy-themen-path-bankwesen","ZucUYwADfbusX3JNv69hxXs6i9mf5LdkhJPi6chlC1w",[164,167],{"locale":165,"slug":166},"de","themen\u002Fbankwesen",{"locale":152,"slug":159},1791352232207]